|
International generic name
Combined product
Drug form and composition
Solution for injection. One ampoule Xylodren (blue) of 2 ml contains: 40 mg Lidocaine
hydrochloride; 0.04 mg Epinephrine; 0.04 mg Norepinephrine. One ampoule Xylodren
(brown) of 2 ml contains: 40 mg Lidocaine hydrochloride; 0.025 mg Epinephrine. One
ampoule Xylodren (green) of 2 ml contains: 40 mg Lidocaine hydrochloride; 0.1 mg
Norepinephrine.
Indications
The product is used in dentistry for induction of conduction anesthesia.
Dosage and administration
For induction of conduction anesthesia 1 - 2 ampoules are used for infiltration
of the tissue. The anesthesia develops after 5 - 10 minutes and lasts approximately
1 - 2 hours.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to some of the product ingredients; myasthenia gravis; severe
cardiovascular insufficiency; hyperthyroidism; arterial hypertension; methemoglobinemia;
vascular disturbances.
Special warnings and precautions
The product should be used with caution in elderly patients suffering form cardiovascular,
renal, and liver diseases; in hyperthermia, and hypotension. Xylodren (green), which
contain only norepinephrine as a vasoconstrictor agent is the best choice in patients
with unstable hemodynamics. Xylodren (brown) and Xylodren (blue), which contain,
as a vasoconstrictor epinephrine are not appropriate in patients with unstable hemodynamics.
This product should be avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy and should
be used with caution during the other periods of pregnancy and during lactation.
After the dental procedure increased caution is necessary in activities, like car
driving or working with machines.
Drug interactions
In cases of concurrent administration of Xylodren with β-adrenoblockers, hypotension,
bradicardia, and bronchospasm can develop. It decreases the cardiotonic effect of
digitoxin. When used concurrently with curare-like agents, there is a risk of paralysis
of the respiratory muscles. Lidocain activity decreases to a great extent in an
acid environment (focus of inflammation), in uremia, and in cases of concurrent
administration with dextrose and calcium preparations. The effect increases and
prolongs by analgesics, tranquilizers and general anesthetics.
Adverse reactions
In sensitive patients, allergic reactions and visual disturbances can be observed.
Pharmacological mechanisms
Xylodren is a topical anesthetic, containing lidocaine and varying concentrations
of the vasoconstrictors epinephrine and norepinephrine. It provides a fast, strong,
and prolonged anesthetic effect. Lidocain exerts local anesthetic action, stronger
than that of procain. It possesses a membrane stabilizing activity. Lidocain inhibits
mainly the influx of the sodium ions and to a lesser extent the eflux of the potassium
ions through the neuronal membranes. It also blocks binding of the calcium ions
to their receptors. At the place of application the passability of the neuronal
membrane decreases and the depolarization is inhibited. Added epinephrine and norepinephrine
cause local vasoconstriction and reduce lidocaine absorption.
Supplied
10 or 50 ampoules of 2 ml.
Expiry
3 years
|