|
International generic name
Clonidine
Drug form and composition
Solution for injection. One ampoule of 1 ml, contains 0.15 mg Clonidine hydrochloride
(0.15 mg per ml). Tablets. One tablet contains 0,15 mg Clonidine hydrochloride.
Indications
In the treatment of the different forms and stages of the arterial hypertension,
including cases resistant to other antihypertensive treatment.
Dosage and administration
Solution for injection: Chlophazolin may be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly
and intravenously. The treatment of the hypertensive crisis may start with subcutaneous
or intramuscular injection in dose 1-2 ampoules (0.150-0.300 mg), which is determined
depending on the blood pressure level. The preparation may be administered intravenously
also, while the ampoule is diluted in 10 ml saline and is injected slowly intravenously
with patient in prone position. The hypotensive effect becomes apparent more than
10 minutes after injection, reaches the maximum 30-60 minutes later and lasts 3
- 7 hours. If necessary, up to 5 ampoules (0.750 mg) per 24 hours may be injected
intravenously. Tablets: the usual initial dose is 0.075 mg (½ tablet), 2-3 times
daily. If necessary the dose may be gradually enhanced up to 0.15 - 0.30 mg (1-2
tablet) 2-3 times daily. The optimal dosage is determined individually.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to clonidine; recent myocardial infarction; significant bradycardia;
hepatal and renal function disorders; AV-block II or III degree; cerebrovascular
diseases; depressive syndrome; Reynaud’s syndrome.
Special warnings and precautions
In patients with preexisting heart diseases rhythm disorders may appear, which are
resolved with reducing the dosage. The treatment should not be interrupted abruptly
in order to prevent a relapse of quick elevation of the blood pressure. If severe
renal failure exists the preparation should be used under doctor’s control with
monitoring of the creatine clearance. In pregnant women the preparation is indicated
only in case of the expected benefit exceed the adverse effects. In drivers and
machinery operating persons the preparation should be administered carefully, as
it may provoke dizziness and orthostatic reactions. During the treatment alcohol
should be avoided.
Drug interactions
The action of the preparation is potentiated in concomitant administration of diuretics
and vasodilators. Chlophazolin increases the depressive effect of alcohol, barbiturates,
and sedative agents. In concomitant treatment with nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs
and tricycled antidepressants the antihypertensive activity of the preparation is
reduced. Concomitant administration with cardiac glycosides may cause bradycardia
and occasionally rhythm disorders (AV - block).
Adverse reactions
In the beginning of the treatment a slight sedative effect, fatigue; mouth drying
dizziness, orthostatic collapse, nausea, and vomiting may be seen. Rarely hypersensitivity
reactions, gynecomastia, and paraauricular gland inflammation may appear. In case
of abrupt interruption of the treatment a sudden elevation of the blood pressure
is possible - rebound effect.
Pharmacological mechanisms
Chlophazolin reduces the blood pressure by the influence of the sympathetic nervous
system. It enhances sensitivity of the bar receptor reflexes with resulting elevation
of the parasympathetic tone and reduction of the sympathetic tone. As a result of
the former the blood pressure, the heart rate and the peripheral resistance are
reduced. The preparation reduces the venous reflux and elevates renin level, while
the renal perfusion and glomerular filtration are improved. It possesses slight
sedative effect. Chlophazolin does not stimulate stomach secretion.
Supplied
50 ampoules of 1 ml (0.15 mg ). 50 tablets of 0.15 mg.
Expiry
Solution for injection and tablets - 3 years.
|